Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 7 , Pages 375-382 , September 2010

Antiepileptic treatment in patients with epilepsy and other comorbidities

  • J. Ruiz-Giménez

      Affiliations

    • Unidad de Epilepsia, Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Hospital de Rehabilitación y Traumatologia, Servicio de Neurologia, Carretera de Jaen, s/n 18013, Granada, Spain. Tel.: +34 659091751; fax: +34 958021564.
    • ,
  • J.C. Sánchez-Álvarez

      Affiliations

    • Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Clinico Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, España
    • ,
  • F. Cañadillas-Hidalgo

      Affiliations

    • Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, España
    • ,
  • P.J. Serrano-Castro

      Affiliations

    • Unidad de Neurologia y Neurofisiología, Hospital Torrecardenas, Almeria, España
    • ,
  • on behalf of the Andalusian Epilepsy Society

Received 9 November 2009 ,Revised 18 April 2010 ,Accepted 20 May 2010.

References 

  1. Tellez-Zenteno JF, Matijevic S, Wiebe S. Somatic comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population in Canada. Epilepsia. 2005;46(12):1955–1962
  2. Tellez-Zenteno JF, Patten SB, Jetté N, Williams J, Wiebe S. Psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy: a population-based analysis. Epilepsia. 2007;48(12 (December)):2336–2344
  3. Gaitatzis A, Carroll K, Majeed A, Sander WJ. The epidemiology of the comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population. javascript:AL_get(this, ‘jour’, ‘Epilepsia.’). Epilepsia. 2004;45(12):1613–1622
  4. Elliott JO, Lu B, Shneker B, et al. Comorbidiy, health screening and quality of life among persons with a story of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2009;(14):125–129
  5. Ryvlin P. Optimizing therapy of seizures in specific clinical situations. Are the exceptions the rule?. Neurology. 2006;67(Suppl. 4):S1–S2
  6. Hinnell C, Williams J, Metcalfe A, et al. Health status and health-related behaviors in epilepsy compared to other chronic conditions. A national population-based study. Epilepsia. 2010;(Article online in advance of print. Published Online: January 7 2010)
  7. Bialer M. New antiepileptic drugs that are second generation to existing antiepileptic drugs. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2006;15(6 (June)):637–647
  8. NICE. The epilepsies: the diagnosis and management of the epilepsies in adults and children in primary and secondary care. October 2004. http://www.nice.org.uk/page.aspx?o=CG020.
  9. SIGN. Diagnosis and Management of Epilepsy in adults. A national clinical guideline. April 2003. http://www.sign.ac.uk/pdf/sign70.pdf.
  10. Singapore Ministry of Health. Epilepsy in adults. Singapore: Singapore Ministry of Health; 2007 Jan. 43 p. http://www.guideline.gov/summary/pdf.aspx?doc_id=10590&stat=1&string=epilepsy.
  11. Clinical guidelines for the management of epilepsy in adults with an intellectual disability. Working Group of the International Association of the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disability. Seizure. 2001;10:401–409
  12. Donovan PJ, Cline D. Phenytoin administration by constant intravenous infusion: selective rates of administration. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20(2 (February)):139–142
  13. Adams BD, Buckley NH, Kim JY, et al. Fosphenytoin may cause hemodynamically unstable bradydisrhythmias. J Emerg Med. 2006;30:75–79
  14. Agarwal P, Kumar N, Chandra R, et al. Randomized study of intravenous valproate and phenytoin in status epilepticus. Seizure. 2007;16:527–532
  15. Ramael S, Daoust A, Otoul C, et al. Levetiracetam intravenous infusion: a randomized, placebo controlled safety and pharmacokinetic study. Epilepsia. 2006;47:1128–1135
  16. Hulhoven R, Rosillon D, Bridson WE, et al. Effect of levetiracetam on cardiac repolarization in healthy subjects: a single-dose, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled, four-way crossover study. Clin Ther. 2008;30(2 (February)):260–270
  17. Nau KM, Divertie GD, Valentino AK, et al. Safety and efficacy of levetiracetam for critically ill patients with seizures. Neurocrit Care. 2009;11(1):34–37
  18. Kaul S, Meena AK, Murthy JM. Carbamazepine induced bradicardia. Neurol India. 2000;48(4):403–404
  19. Murphy N, Mockler M, Ryder M, et al. Decompensation of chronic heart failure associated with pregabalin in patients with neuropathic pain. J Card Fail. 2007;13:227–229
  20. Patsalos PN, Perucca E. Clinically important drug interactions in epilepsy: interactions between antiepileptic drugs and other drugs. Lancet Neurol. 2003;2:473–481
  21. Mehta V, Singhi P, Singhi S. Intravenous sodium valproate versus diazepam infusion for the control of refractory status epilepticus in children: a randomized controlled trial. J Child Neurol. 2007;22:1191–1197
  22. Di Bonaventura C, Mari F, Fattouch J, et al. Use of Levetiracetam in treating epilepsy associated with other medical conditions. Acta Neurol Scand. 2006;113:82–86
  23. Shet RD. Metabolic concerns associated with antiepileptics medications. Neurology. 2004;63(10 Suppl. 4):S24–S29
  24. Ochs HR, Greenblatt DJ, Eckardt B, et al. Repeated diazepam dosing in cirrhotic patients: cumulation and sedation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1983;33(4):471–476
  25. Gopaul S, Farrell K, Abbot F. Effects of age and polytherapy, risk factors of valproic acid (VPA) hepatotoxicity, on the excretion of thiol conjugates of (e)-2,4-dieneVPA in people with epilepsy taking VPA. Epilepsia. 2003;44(3):322–328
  26. Blio L, Meo R, de Leva MF, et al. Levetiracetam in patients with epilepsy and chronic liver disease: observations in a case series. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2008;31(4):221–225
  27. Ahmed SN, Siddiqi ZA. Antiepileptic drugs and liver disease. Seizure. 2006;15:156–164
  28. Brockmoller J, Thomsen T, Wittstock M, et al. Pharmacokinetics of levetiracetam in patients with moderate to severe liver cirrhosis (Child-Pugh classes A, B and C): characterization by dynamic liver function tests. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005;77:529–541
  29. Gabardi S, Abramson S. Drug dosing in chronic kidney disease. Med Clin North Am. 2005;89:645–687
  30. Vulliemoz S, Iwanowski P, Landis T, et al. Levetiracetam accumulation in renal failure causing myoclonic encephalopathy with triphasic waves. Seizure. 2000;18(5 June):376–378
  31. Israni RK, Kasbekar N, Haynes K, et al. Use of antiepileptic drugs in patients with kidney disease. Sem Dialysis. 2006;19:408–416
  32. Vega D, Maalouf NM, Sakhaee K. Increased propensity for calcium phosphate kidney stones with topiramate use. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2007;6(5 (September)):547–557
  33. Faught E. Review of Unites States and European clinical trials of zonisamide in the treatment of refractory partial-onset seizures. Seizure. 2004;135:S59–S65
  34. Hahn M, Gildemeister OS, Krauss GL, et al. Effects of new anticonvulsant medications on porphyrin synthesis in cultured liver cells: potential implications for patients with acute porphyria. Neurology. 1997;49:97–106
  35. Bernadette GH, Rieck K, Runge U. Oxcarbacepine in focal epilepsy and hepatic porphyria: a case report. Epilepsia. 2001;42:793–795
  36. Zaatreh MM. Levetiracetam in porphyric status epilepticus: a case report. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2005;28:243–244
  37. Glass GA, Stankiewicz J, Mithoefer A. Levetiracetam for seizures after liver transplantation. Neurology. 2005;64:1084–1085
  38. Bjornsonn E. Hepatotoxicity associated with antiepileptic drugs. Acta Neurol Scand. 2008;118(5 (November)):281–290
  39. Focosi D, Kast RE, Benedetti E, et al. Phenobarbital-associated bone marrow aplasia: a case report and review of the literature. Acta Haematol. 2008;119:18–21
  40. Simko J, Horacek J. Carbamazepine and risk of hypothyroidism: a prospective study. Acta Neurol Scand. 2007;116:317–321
  41. Ericsson UB, Bjerre I, Forsgren M, et al. Thyroglobulin and thyroid hormones in patients on long-term treatment with phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid. Epilepsia. 1985;26:594–596
  42. Vainionpää LK, Mikkonen K, Rattyä J, et al. Thyroid function in girls with epilepsy with carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, or valproate monotherapy and after withdrawal of medication. Epilepsia. 2004;45:197–203
  43. Perucca E. Clinically relevant drug interactions with antiepileptic drugs. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2006;61:246–255
  44. Pack AM, Morrell MJ, Randall A, et al. Bone health in young women with epilepsy after one year of antiepileptic drug monotherapy. Neurology. 2008;70:1586–1593
  45. Ensrud KE, Walczak TS, Blackwell TL, et al. Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study Research Group Antiepileptic drug use and rates of hip bone loss in older men: a prospective study. Neurology. 2008;71:723–730
  46. Ben-Menachem E. Weight issues for people with epilepsy. A review. Epilepsia. 2007;48(Suppl. 9):S42–S45
  47. Luef G, Abraham I, Hoppichler F, et al. Increase in postprandial serum insulin levels in epileptic patients with valproic acid therapy. Metabolism. 2002;51:1274–1278
  48. Bhigjee AI, Rosemberg S. Optimizing therapy of seizures in patients with HIV and cysticercosis. Neurology. 2006;67(Suppl. 4):S19–S22
  49. Maggi JD, Halman MH. The effect of divalproex sodium on HIV replication in vivo. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2007;19(3 (Summer)):326–330
  50. Lehrman G, Hogue B, Palmer SA, et al. Depletion of latent HIV-1 infection in vivo: a proof-of-concept study. Lancet. 2005;366:549–555
  51. Sagot-Lerolle N, Lamine A, Chaix ML, et al. ANRS EP39 study. Prolonged valproic acid treatment does not reduce the size of latent HIV reservoir. AIDS. 2008;22:1125–1129
  52. Desai J. Perspectives on interactions between antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and antimicrobial agents. Epilepsia. 2008;49(Suppl. 6):S47–S49
  53. Beavis J, Kerr M, Marson AG. Pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;18(3):CD005399
  54. Huber B, Hause U, Horstmann V. Seizure freedom with different therapeutic regimens in intellectually disabled epileptic patients. Seizure. 2005;14:381–386
  55. Huber B, Bommel W, Hauser I, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam in patients with therapy-resistant epilepsy and learning disabilities. Seizure. 2004;13:168–175
  56. Coppola G, Verrotti A, Resicato G, et al. Topiramate in children and adolescents with epilepsy and mental retardation: a prospective study on behavior and cognitive effects. Epilpesy Behav. 2008;12(2 (February)):253–256
  57. Ovsiew F. Antiepileptic drugs in psychiatry. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75:1665–1668
  58. Brodtkorb E, Mula M. Optimizing therapy of seizures in adult patients with psychiatric co morbidity. Neurology. 2006;67(Suppl. 4):S39–S44
  59. Mula M, Monaco F, Trimble MR. Use of psychotropic drugs in patients with epilepsy: interactions and seizure risk. Expert Rev Neurother. 2004;4:953–964
  60. Hommet C, Mondon K, Camus V, et al. Epilepsy and dementia in the elderly. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2008;25:293–300
  61. Mendez M, Lim G. Seizures in elderly patients with dementia: epidemiology and management. Drugs Aging. 2003;20(11):791–803
  62. Goldstein B. Common drugs may influence motor recovery after stroke. Neurology. 1995;45:865–871
  63. Naidech AM, Kreiter KT, Janjua N, et al. Phenytoin exposure is associated with functional and cognitive disability after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke. 2005;36:583–587
  64. Álvarez-Sabin J, Montaner J, Padro L, et al. Gabapentin in late-onset poststroke seizures. Neurology. 2002;59:1991–1993
  65. Kutlu G, Gomceli YB, Unal Y, et al. Levetiracetam monotherapy for late poststroke seizures in the elderly. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;13:542–544
  66. Belcastro V, Costa C, Galletti F, et al. Levetiracetam in newly diagnosed late-onset post-stroke seizures: a prospective observational study. Epilepsy Res. 2008;82(2–3 (December)):223–226(Epub 2008 September 30)
  67. Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, Collins JF, et al. New onset geriatric epilepsy. A randomized study of Gabapentin, Lamotrigine, and Carbamazepine. Neurology. 2005;64:1868–1873
  68. Gilad R, Sadeh M, Rapaport A, et al. Monotherapy of lamotrigine versus carbamacepine in patients with poststroke seizure. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2007;30:189–195
  69. Oberdornfer S, Piribauer M, Marosi C, et al. P450 enzyme inducing and non-enzyme inducing antiepileptics in glioblastoma patients treated with standard chemotherapy. J Neurooncol. 2005;72:255–260
  70. Van Breemen M, Wilms EB, Vecht CJ. Epilepsy in patients with brain tumours: epidemiology, mechanisms and management. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:421–430
  71. Wick W, Menn O, Meisner C, et al. Pharmacotherapy of epileptic seizures in glioma patients: who, when, why and how long?. Onkologie. 2005;28:391–396
  72. Lim DA, Tarapore P, Chang E, et al. Safety and feasibility of switching from phenytoin to levetiracetam monotherapy for glioma-related seizure control following craniotomy: a randomized phase II pilot study. J Neurooncol. 2009;93(3 (July)):349–354
  73. Van Breemen MS, Rijsman RM, Taphoorn MJ, et al. Efficacy of anti-epileptic drugs in patients with gliomas and seizures. J Neurol. 2009;256(9 (September)):1519–1526
  74. Maschio M, Dinapoli L, Vidiri A, et al. The role side effects play in the choice of antiepileptic therapy in brain tumor-related epilepsy: a comparative study on traditional antiepileptic drugs versus oxcarbazepine. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2009;28(6 (May)):60
  75. Novy J, Stupp R, Rossetti AO. Pregabalin in patients with primary brain tumors and seizures: a preliminary observation. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2009;111(2 (February)):171–173
  76. Maschio M, Dinapoli L, Saveriano F, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of zonisamide as add-on in brain tumor-related epilepsy: preliminary report. Acta Neurol Scand. 2009;120(3 (September)):210–212

☆ This review has been extracted, modified and adapted from the Andalusian Guideline on Epilepsy 2009 (http://www.guiasade.com), written by: O. Alonso-Luengo, E. Bauzano-Poley, H. Busquier-Hernández, R. Camino-León, F. Cañadillas-Hidalgo, J. Galán-Barranco, F.J. Gascón-Jiménez, A. Galdón-Castillo, D. García-Solís, J. Gutiérrez-García, M. Ley-Martos, E. López-Laso, J. Martínez-Antón, C. Martínez-Parra, C. Martínez-Quesada, J. Mercadé-Cerdá, M.D. Morales-Martínez, V. Moreno-Alegre, M. Nieto-Barrera, E. Pita-Calandre, M.M. Quesada-Lucas, P.A. Quiroga-Subirana, J. Ramos-Lizana, C. Robles-Vizcaíno, J.J. Rodríguez-Uranga, S. Roldán-Aparicio, M. Rufo-Campos, J. Ruiz-Giménez, J.C. Sánchez-Álvarez, P.J. Serrano-Castro, F. Villalobos-Chaves.

PII: S1059-1311(10)00112-3

doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.05.008

Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 7 , Pages 375-382 , September 2010

Article Tools