« Previous
Next »
Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 6
, Pages 311-318
, July 2010
Is elevated norepinephrine an etiological factor in some cases of epilepsy?
References
- . The role of norepinephrine in epilepsy: from the bench to the bedside. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2004;28:507–524
- . Anticonvulsant drugs and the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Fed Proc. 1985;44:2640–2644
- Norepinephrine-deficient mice have increased susceptibility to seizure-inducing stimuli. J Neurosci. 1999;19:10985–10992
- . Alpha(1) and beta(2) adrenoreceptor agonists inhibit pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice lacking norepinephrine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001;298:1042–1048
- . The anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects of alpha2-adrenoreceptor agonists are mediated by distinct populations of alpha2A-adrenoreceptors. Neuroscience. 2004;126:795–803
- . A ketogenic diet and knockout of the norepinephrine transporter both reduce seizure severity in mice. Epilepsy Res. 2006;68:207–211
- . The ketogenic diet: proposed mechanisms of action. Neurotherapeutics. 2009;6:402–405
- . Genetic deletion of the norepinephrine transporter decreases vulnerability to seizures. Neurosci Lett. 2005;382:51–55
- The effects of chronic norepinephrine transporter inactivation on seizure susceptibility in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006;31:730–738
- . The serotonergic and noradrenergic effects of antidepressant drugs are anticonvulsant, not proconvulsant. Epilepsy Behav. 2005;7:602–619
- . Antidepressants and seizures: clinical anecdotes overshadow neuroscience. Biochem Pharmacol. 1996;52:1323–1329
- . Atomoxetine versus stimulants for treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Ann Pharmacother. 2006;40:1134–1142
- . New developments for the pharmacological treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. A focus on non-benzodiazepine GABAergic medications. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008;32:1106–1117
- . Time course of clinical effects of carbamazepine: implications for mechanisms of action. J Clin Psychiatry. 1988;49(Suppl.):35–48
- . Psychopharmacology: drugs, the brain, and behavior. 136. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates, Inc.; 2005;397
- . Some aspects of genetic polymorphism in the biotransformation of antidepressants. Therapie. 2004;59:5–12
- . In vivo biogenic amine efflux in medial prefrontal cortex with imipramine, fluoxetine, and fluvoxamine. Synapse. 1994;18:294–297
- . Comparison of the (pro)convulsive properties of fluvoxamine and clovoxamine with eight other antidepressants in an animal model. Neuropsychobiology. 1984;12:249–254
- . Chronic but not acute treatment with antidepressants enhances the electroconvulsive seizure response in rats. Neuropharmacology. 1985;24:941–946
- . Immediate effects of 14 non MAOI antidepressants in rats with spontaneous petit mal-like seizures. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1990;14:261–270
- . Mechanism of imipramine-induced seizures in amygdala-kindled rats. Epilepsy Res. 2006;72:1–9
- . Acute effects of antidepressants on hippocampal seizures. Ann Neurol. 1985;18:692–697
- . The effect of tricyclic antidepressants on cortex- and amygdala-kindled seizures in the rat. Can J Neurol Sci. 1991;18:132–136
- . Desmethylimipramine potentiates NMDA responses in a mouse cortical slice preparation. Neuroreport. 1991;2:665–668
- Chronic inhibition of the norepinephrine transporter in the brain participates in seizure sensitization to cocaine and local anesthetics. Brain Res. 2003;964:83–90
- . Influence of antidepressant drugs on seizure susceptibility and the anticonvulsant activity of valproate in mice. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1991;34:85–90
- . Characterization of the anticonvulsant activity of doxepin in various experimental seizure models in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61:245–251
- . Epileptic phenomena induced in the cat by the antidepressants maprotiline, imipramine, clomipramine, and amitriptyline. Biol Psychiatry. 1979;14:485–497
- . The use of a tricyclic antidepressant in epilepsy. Dis Nerv Syst. 1974;35:322–323
- . Imipramine and seizures. Am J Psychiatry. 1975;132:538–540
- . Tricyclic antidepressant-induced seizures and plasma drug concentration. J Clin Psychiatry. 1992;53:160–162
- Risk assessment of severe tricyclic antidepressant overdose. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2009;28:511–519
- . Incidence of seizures during treatment with tricyclic antidepressant drugs and bupropion. J Clin Psychiatry. 1983;44:197–201
- . Antidepressants and seizures: emphasis on newer agents and clinical implications. Int J Clin Pract. 2005;59:1435–1440
- . Antidepressive treatment in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and major depression: a prospective study with three different antidepressants. Epilepsy Behav. 2003;4:674–679
- Seizure risk in patients with attention-deficit-hyperactivity disorder treated with atomoxetine. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2007;49:498–502
- . The effect of pharmacotherapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder on risk of seizures in pediatric patients as assessed in an insurance claims database. Curr Drug Saf. 2008;3:123–131
- . Isolated atomoxetine overdose resulting in seizure. J Emerg Med. 2007;32:175–178
- Principles of pharmacology: the pathophysiologic basis of drug therapy;. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005;p. 110
- . The effect of clonidine and yohimbine on audiogenic seizures (AGS) in rats. Pharmacol Res Commun. 1984;16:1019–1030
- . Spontaneous EEG paroxysms in the rat: effects of psychotropic and alpha-adrenergic agents. Neuropsychobiology. 1985;13:206–213
- . Norepinephrine modulates seizures induced by quinolinic acid in rats: selective and distinct roles of alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes. Eur J Pharmacol. 1987;138:309–318
- . Alpha-noradrenaline modulation of d,l-allylgycine seizures. Eur J Pharmacol. 1981;75:71–74
- . The relationship between alpha 2-adrenoceptor selectivity and anticonvulsant effect in a series of clonidine-like drugs. Brain Res. 1982;241:393–397
- . The role of different types of adrenergic receptors in pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures and the effect of di-n-propylacetate in the rat. Psychopharmacology. 1983;81:177–182
- . Anticonvulsant and proconvulsant actions of alpha- and beta-noradrenergic agonists on epileptiform activity in rat hippocampus in vitro. Epilepsia. 1983;24:57–64
- . Kainic acid-induced seizures: potentiation by alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. Brain Res. 1989;495:253–260
- . Effects of drugs affecting the noradrenergic system on convulsions in the quaking mouse. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1981;318:94–99
- . Noradrenergic influences on sound-induced seizures. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1980;214:437–442
- . Anti-convulsant activity of diazepam and clonidine on metaldehyde-induced seizures in mice: effects on brain gamma-amino butyric acid concentrations and monoamine oxidase activity. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1982;5:187–190
- . The involvement of noradrenaline, 5-hydroxytryptamine and acetylcholine in imipramine-induced seizures in mice. Experientia. 1993;49:859–864
- . Strychnine-induced seizures in mice: the role of noradrenaline. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 1994;18:753–763
- Clonidine and methohexital-induced epileptic magnetoencephalographic discharges in patients with focal epilepsies. Epilepsia. 1998;39:841–849
- . Comparison of clonidine to sleep deprivation in the potential to induce spike or sharp-wave activity. Clin Neurophysiol. 2005;116:905–912
- . Suppression of penicillin-induced focal epileptiform activity by locus ceruleus stimulation: mediation by an alpha 1-adrenoceptor. Epilepsia. 1986;27:359–366
- . Exploring the pharmacology of the pro-convulsant effects of alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists in mice. Psychopharmacology. 1991;105:558–562
- . Comparison of drugs with different selectivity for central alpha 1-and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in animal models of epilepsy. Epilepsy Res. 1987;1:165–172
- . Abnormality of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in the frontal cortex of epileptic rats. J Neurochem. 1986;46:270–273
- . Brain adrenoceptor binding sites in mice susceptible(DBA/2J) and resistant (C57 Bl/6) to audiogenic seizures. J Neurochem. 1986;47:173–177
- . Systemic overexpression of the alpha 1B-adrenergic receptor in mice: an animal model of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002;43:1324–1329
- Lack of alpha 1b-adrenergic receptor protects against epileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 2009;50(Suppl 1):59–64
- . Alpha-1 adrenoceptors are decreased in human epileptic foci. Ann Neurol. 1986;19:26–30
- . Anticonvulsant activity of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus system: role of beta mediation. Neurosci Lett. 1994;169:93–96
- . Role of central beta-adrenoceptors in the control of pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in rats. Br J Pharmacol. 1982;75:441–446
- . The effect of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists alone and in combination with a GABA-elevating agent on isoniazid-induced convulsions in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1989;33:175–178
- . Propranolol increases the threshold for lidocaine-induced convulsions in awake rats: a direct effect on the brain. Anesth Analg. 2008;106:1450–1455
- . Relationships between norepinephrine and cyclic nucleotides in brain and seizure activity. Neuropharmacology. 1982;21:655–661
- . Influence of levodopa, apomorphine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS) on strychnine-induced seizures in mice. Gen Pharmacol. 1984;15:243–245
- . A possible role for beta-adrenergic receptors in the expression of audiogenic seizures. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985;22:711–716
- . Effect of beta-adrenoceptor antagonists and some related drugs on maximal electroshock seizures in mice. Indian J Exp Biol. 1989;27:128–130
- . Effect of propranolol and nifedipine on maximal electroshock-induced seizures in mice: individually and in combination. Pharmacol Res. 1998;38:449–452
- . Influence of some beta-adrenoceptor antagonists on the anticonvulsant potency of antiepileptic drugs against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002;442:205–213
- . Anticonvulsant profile and mechanism of action of propranolol and its two enantiomers. Seizure. 2002;11:285–302
- . Propanolol treatment of infantile polymyoclonia. Neuropadiatrie. 1976;7:443–449
- . Propranolol action in chronically unstable generalized epilepsy. Am J Ther. 1994;1:38–41
- . Mutant mouse tottering: selective increase of locus ceruleus axons in a defined single-locus mutation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1981;78:4630–4634
- . Normal pharmacological and morphometric parameters in the noradrenergic hyperinnervated mutant mouse, “tottering”. Cell Tissue Res. 1988;252:175–180
- . A single gene error of noradrenergic axon growth synchronizes central neurones. Nature. 1984;310:409–411
- . Barrier mechanisms for neurotransmitter monoamines and their precursors at the blood–brain interface. Ann Neurol. 1980;8:1–31
- . Cardiac manifestations of complex partial seizures. Am J Med. 1986;80:195–202
- . Clinical course and treatment of pheochromocytomas in children. Analysis of five cases. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 1993;3:154–156
- Recurrent polytopic chromaffin paragangliomas in a 9-year-old boy resulting from a novel germline mutation in the von Hippel-Lindau gene. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2002;24:145–148
- . Seizures as a presenting symptom of phaeochromocytoma in a young soldier. J Hum Hypertens. 2003;17:73–75
- . The catecholamine hypothesis of affective disorders: a review of supporting evidence. Am J Psychiatry. 1965;122:509–522
- . Plasma MHPG in rapid cyclers and healthy twins. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981;38:1287–1290
- . The recognition and management of mood disorders as a comorbidity of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2003;44:30–40
- . Prevalence of bipolar symptoms in epilepsy vs other chronic health disorders. Neurology. 2005;65:535–540
- On the prevalence of bipolar disorder in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;13:658–661
- Manic/hypomanic symptoms and quality of life measures in patients with epilepsy. Seizure. 2009;18:530–532
- . A patient with mania and photoconvulsive epilepsy. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 1996;30:867–870
- . Epilepsy and bipolar disorders. Expert Rev Neurother. 2010;10:13–23
- Clinical experience with anticonvulsant medication in pediatric epilepsy and comorbid bipolar spectrum disorder. Epilepsy Behav. 2006;9:327–334
- . Treatment of bipolar disorder: a systematic review of available data and clinical perspectives. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008;11:999–1029
- . Elevated insulin, norepinephrine, and neuropeptide Y in hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 1990;3:823–828
- . Centrally acting antihypertensive agents: an update. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2007;9:399–405
- . Raised cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine in some patients with primary hypertension. Hypertension. 1979;1:255–260
- Central and peripheral noradrenergic tone in primary hypertension. Fed Proc. 1984;43:47–51
- . Catecholamines, angiotensin II and sodium concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid in young men with borderline hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1984;6:1131–1145
- . Severe, uncontrolled hypertension and adult-onset seizures: a case–control study in Rochester, Minnesota. Epilepsia. 1996;37:736–741
- . Vascular determinants of epilepsy: the Rotterdam Study. Epilepsia. 1997;38:1216–1220
- . Beta2- and beta3-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms are related to the onset of weight gain and blood pressure elevation over 5 years. Circulation. 2005;111:3429–3434
- . Effects of food restriction and mutation on central catecholamine levels in genetically obese mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1976;5:617–620
- . Norepinephrine and dopamine levels in hypothalamic nuclei of the genetically obese mouse (ob/ob). Brain Res. 1983;273:369–373
- . Chronic infusion of norepinephrine into the ventromedial hypothalamus induces obesity in rats. Brain Res. 1986;369:215–223
- Prevalence of epilepsy and health status of adults with epilepsy in Georgia and Tennessee: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2002. Epilepsy Behav. 2004;5:358–366
- . Obesity is a common comorbidity for pediatric patients with untreated, newly diagnosed epilepsy. Neurology. 2009;73:658–664
- . Epilepsy and common comorbidities: improving the outpatient epilepsy encounter. Epileptic Disord. 2005;7(Suppl. 1):S27–S33
- . Physical activity in children/teens with epilepsy compared with that in their siblings without epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2006;47:631–639
- . The role of alpha2-adrenoceptors in the modulatory effects of morphine on seizure susceptibility in mice. Epilepsia. 2002;43:797–804
- . Rats bred for susceptibility to depression-like phenotypes have higher kainic acid-induced seizure mortality than their depression-resistant counterparts. Epilepsy Res. 2007;74:140–146
- . Influence of an evacuation in February 1995 in The Netherlands on the seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy: a controlled study. Epilepsia. 1998;39:1203–1207
- . Mortality and morbidity rates are increased in people with epilepsy: is stress part of the equation?. Epilepsy Behav. 2007;10:1–7
- . Serious psychological distress among persons with epilepsy based on the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Epilepsia. 2009;50:1077–1084
- . Catecholamine level in cerebrospinal fluid of epileptics. Neurochem Res. 1982;7:1299–1305
- . Monoamine metabolites in the CSF of epileptic patients. Neurology. 1979;29:1157–1161
- Cerebrospinal fluid and serum levels of dopa, catechols, and monoamine metabolites in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1992;33:263–270
- . The Salmeterol Multicenter Asthma Research Trial: a comparison of usual pharmacotherapy for asthma or usual pharmacotherapy plus salmeterol. Chest. 2006;129:15–26
PII: S1059-1311(10)00086-5
doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.04.011
© 2010 British Epilepsy Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
« Previous
Next »
Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 6
, Pages 311-318
, July 2010
