Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 5 , Pages 269-273 , June 2010

Autonomic nervous system functions in interictal and postictal periods of nonepileptic psychogenic seizures and its comparison with epileptic seizures

Received 23 November 2009 ,Revised 6 March 2010 ,Accepted 1 April 2010.

References 

  1. Rowan AJ. Diagnosis of nonepileptic seizures. In:  Gates JR,  Rowan AJ editor. Nonepileptic seizures. 2nd ed.. Boston: Butterworth, Heinemann; 2000;p. 15–30
  2. Krumholz A. Nonepileptic seizures: diagnosis and management. Neurology. 1999;53:76–83
  3. Riggio S. Psychogenic seizures. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1994;12:1001–1012
  4. Reuber M. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: answers and questions. Epilepsy Behav. 2008;12:622–635
  5. Sigurdardottir KR, Olafsson E. Incidence of psychogenic seizures in adults: a population-based study in Iceland. Epilepsia. 1998;39:749–752
  6. Szaflarski JP, Ficker DM, Cahill WT, Privitera MD. Four-year incidence of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in adults in Hamilton County, OH. Neurology. 2000;55:1561–1563
  7. Benbadis SR, O’Neill E, Tatum WO, Heriaud L. Outcome of prolonged video-EEG monitoring at a typical referral epilepsy center. Epilepsia. 2004;45:1150–1153
  8. Howell SJ, Owen L, Chadwick DW. Pseudostatus epilepticus. Q J Med. 1989;71:507–519
  9. Lathers CM, Schraeder PL. Autonomic dysfunction in epilepsy: characterization of autonomic cardiac neural discharge associated with pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptogenic activity. Epilepsia. 1982;23:633–647
  10. Schraeder PL, Lathers CM. Paroxysmal autonomic dysfunction, epileptogenic activity and sudden death. Epilepsy Res. 1989;3:55–62
  11. Wannamaker BB. Autonomic nervous system and epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1985;26:31–39
  12. Freeman R, Schachter SC. Autonomic epilepsy. Semin Neurol. 1995;15:158–166
  13. Coulter DL. Partial seizures with apnea and bradycardia. Arch Neurol. 1984;41:173–174
  14. Blumhardt LD, Smith PE, Owen L. Electrocardiographic accompaniments of temporal lobe epileptic seizures. Lancet. 1986;1:1051–1056
  15. Epstein MA, Sperling MR, O’Connor MJ. Cardiac rhythm during temporal lobe seizures. Neurology. 1992;42:50–53
  16. Annegers JF, Coan SP. SUDEP: overview of definitions and review of incidence data. Seizure. 1999;8:347–352
  17. Drake ME, Andrews JM, Castleberry CM. Electrophysiologic assessment of autonomic function in epilepsy. Seizure. 1998;7:91–96
  18. Saleh Y, Kirchner A, Pauli E, Hilz MJ, Neundörfer B, Stefan H. Temporal lobe epilepsy: effect of focus side on the autonomic regulation of heart rate?. Nervenarzt. 2000;71:477–480
  19. Berilgen MS, Sari T, Bulut S, Mungen B. Effects of epilepsy on autonomic nervous system and respiratory function tests. Epilepsy Behav. 2004;5:513–516
  20. Ansakorpi H, Korpelainen JT, Suominen K, Tolonen U, Myllylä VV, Isojärvi JI. Interictal cardiovascular autonomic responses in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2000;41:42–47
  21. Devinsky O, Perrine K, Theodore WH. Interictal autonomic nervous system function in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1994;35:199–204
  22. Isojärvi JI, Ansakorpi H, Suominen K, Tolonen U, Repo M, Myllylä VV. Interictal cardiovascular autonomic responses in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1998;39:420–426
  23. Faustmann PM, Ganz RE. Central cardio-autonomic disorganization in interictal states of epilepsy detected by phase space analysis. Int J Neurosci. 1994;78:43–47
  24. Frysinger RC, Engel J, Harper RM. Interictal heart rate patterns in partial seizure disorders. Neurology. 1993;43:2136–2139
  25. Toichi M, Murai T, Sengoku A, Miyoshi K. Interictal change in cardiac autonomic function associated with EEG abnormalities and clinical symptoms: a longitudinal study following acute deterioration in two patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1998;52:499–505
  26. Ito T, Inoue Y, Sugihara T, Yamada H, Katayama S, Kawahara R. Autonomic function in the early stage of panic disorder: power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 1999;53:667–672
  27. Mayer C, Kelterborn G, Naber D. Age of onset in schizophrenia: relations to psychopathology and gender. Br J Psychiatry. 1993;162:665–671
  28. Friedman BH, Thayer JF. Autonomic balance revisited: panic anxiety and heart rate variability. J Psychosom Res. 1998;44:133–151
  29. Thayer JF, Friedman BH, Borkovec TD. Autonomic characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder and worry. Biol Psychiatry. 1996;39:255–266
  30. Cohen H, Matar MA, Kaplan Z, Kotler M. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability in psychiatry. Psychother Psychosom. 1999;68:59–66
  31. Ruiz-Padial E, Sollers JJ, Vila J, Thayer JF. The rhythm of the heart in the blink of an eye: emotion-modulated startle magnitude covaries with heart rate variability. Psychophysiology. 2003;40:306–313
  32. Thayer JF, Brosschot JF. Psychosomatics and psychopathology: looking up and down from the brain. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2005;30:1050–1058
  33. Bakvis P, Roelofs K, Kuyk J, Edelbroek PM, Swinkels WA, Spinhoven P. Trauma, stress, and preconscious threat processing in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 2009;50:1001–1011
  34. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Text revision DSM-IV-TR. 4th ed.. Washington: American Psychiatric Association; 2000;
  35. Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy . Proposal for revised clinical and electroencephalographic classification of epileptic seizures. Epilepsia. 1981;22:489–501
  36. Shahani BT, Halperin JJ, Boulu P, Cohen J. Sympathetic skin response—a method of assessing unmyelinated axon dysfunction in peripheral neuropathies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1984;47:536–542
  37. Shahani BT, Day TJ, Cros D, Khalil N, Kneebone CS. RR interval variation and the sympathetic skin response in the assessment of autonomic function in peripheral neuropathy. Arch Neurol. 1990;47:659–664
  38. Naritoku DK, Casebeer DJ, Darbin O. Effects of seizure repetition on postictal and interictal neurocardiac regulation in the rat. Epilepsia. 2003;44:912–916
  39. Delamont RS, Julu PO, Jamal GA. Changes in a measure of cardiac vagal activity before and after epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Res. 1999;35:87–94
  40. Tinuper P, Bisulli F, Cerullo A, Carcangiu R, Marini C, Pierangeli G, et al. Ictal bradycardia in partial epileptic seizures: autonomic investigation in three cases and literature review. Brain. 2001;124:2361–2371
  41. Benbadis S. Provocative techniques should be used fort he diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav. 2009;15:106–109
  42. Reuber M, Fernandez G, Bauer J, Helmstaedter C, Elger CE. Diagnostic delay in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Neurology. 2002;58:493–495
  43. Reuber M, Pukrop R, Bauer J, Helmstaedter C, Tessendorf N, Elger CE. Outcome in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: 1 to 10 year follow-up in 164 patients. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:305–311
  44. Smith PEM, Saunders J, Dawson A, Kerr M. Intractable seizures in pregnancy. Lancet. 1999;354:1522
  45. Gunatilake SB, De Silva HJ, Ranasinghe G. Twenty-seven venous cutdowns to treat pseudostatus epilepticus. Seizure. 1997;6:71–72
  46. Niedermeyer E, Blumer D, Holscher E, Walker BA. Classical hysterical seizures facilitated by anticonvulsant toxicity. Psychiat Clin. 1970;3:71–84
  47. Rechlin T, Loew TH, Joraschky P. Pseudoseizure “status”. J Psychosom Res. 1997;42:495–498
  48. Bowman ES, Markand ON. Psychodynamics and psychiatric diagnoses of pseudoseizure subjects. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153:57–63

PII: S1059-1311(10)00073-7

doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.04.002

Seizure: European Journal of Epilepsy
Volume 19, Issue 5 , Pages 269-273 , June 2010

Article Tools